Соотношение типов клеток интерстициального пространства семенников при интратестикулярной аллотрансплантации семенников новорожденных мышей

Abstract

Семенники млекопитающих являются органом, в котором существует специфическое иммунологическое окружение. В физиологических условиях оно обеспечивает невосприимчивость к аутоантигенам и в тоже время осуществляет локальный иммунный ответ на проникновение патогенной микрофлоры. При интратестикулярной трансплантации эти свойства могут способствовать более продолжительному выживанию трансплантата. Во многом эти свойства обязаны клеткам иммунной системы семенников. В нашей работе мы исследовали изменения состава клеток иммунной системы в интерстициальном пространстве семенников взрослых мышей при аллотрансплантации семенников новорожденных. Было показано, что аллотрансплантация значительным образом сказывается на клеточном составе интерстициального пространства, что в свою очередь способствует более длительному сроку выживания трансплантата. _____________________________________________________________ The development of methods of transplantations in andrology was associated with the creation and clinical approbation of different variants of testis transplantation. However, one of the main problems for using different types of transplantations is immunological rejection. There is a specific immunological environment in testes of mammalian. First of all, it provides the protection of autoanigenes from the damaging impact of immune sistem as well as the counteraction to the invasion of pathogenic flore. The interstitial space is presented as a loose connective tissue with thin collagenous fibers, few fibroblasts and mesenchimal cells. There are cells of immune sistem that are in charge for innate and adoptive immunity, and the Leydig cells, which are located in form of clasters next to the capillaries. It has been shown that the proportions of various immune cells in the interstitial space may differ under the development of inflamation in the testes. One of the cases of inflamatory reaction is immunological rejection. The possibility of grafts’ functioning prolongation as long as they were placed into the interstitial space has been described. The interaction between the present of different population of immune cells and graft’s survival has been registered. The aim of this work is the investigation of the changes in the immune cells’ proportion under the intratesticular allotransplantation of new born murine testes. It has been shown that notwithstanding the great number of monocytes/macrophages, granulocytes, lymphocytes and dendritic cells in the interstitial space, the immune response is performed rarther like chronic then acute rejection. The vast quantity of T-regulatory cells with CD4+CD25+ phenotype, which have powerful immunosupressive effect and contribute in the developing of the peripheral tolerance, has been represented. We observed the increasing of number of CD4+CD25+cells by day 15 after the transplantation. The quantity of these cells has ramained heightened, when compared with control group. Pathogenesis of chronic rejection occurs basically at the expense of participation of humoral antibodies to the main histocompatibility complex, although, we observed the cells of the immune sistem in the tissue which surrounded grafts. However, the chronic response has been confirmed by long term of grafts’ survival after the transplantations. The layer of connective tissue was formed around the grafts. Moreover, the significant foci of granulocytic and macrophage infiltration, which are inherent for acute rejection, were not observed over a period of observation. Thus, the intratesticular allotransplantation of new born murine testes has significant impact on the cells’ population in the interstitial space. These changes are in charge for the deterrence of the direct antigen recognition as well as the acute rejection and facilitate the long grafts’ under intratesticular transplantation.