Characterization of the hepatoprotective activity of placenta cryoextract on liver lesions of various etiologies

Abstract

Recently, preparations obtained from biological tissues are increasingly being considered as hepatoprotective agents. The mechanism of action of organopreparations is complex and includes direct and indirect activating influence on regeneration processes. Activation of protein synthesis by drugs of biological therapy can be carried out due to the action of substances of a peptide or nucleic nature that are included in their composition.

Aim. To characterize the hepatotropic effect of placenta cryoextract (CEP) in experimental liver lesions.

Materials and methods. Studies of the hepatotropic effect of CEP were carried out under prophylactic, curative and curative-prophylactic modes of use on models of tetrachloromethane, D-galactosamine and paracetamol liver lesions in rats.

Results. It was established that the prophylactic five-day introduction of CEP leads to the leveling of tetrachloromethane-induced activation of lipid peroxidation and signs of cytolysis syndrome – the content of reactants with iobarbituric acid in liver homogenates was lower (p<0.01) by 35.6% compared to the indicators of rats with simulated tetrachloromethane hepatitis without treatment. The level of alanine aminotransferases after administration of CEP decreased (p<0.001) by 56.0%, the level of aspartate aminotransferases decreased (p<0.001) by 48.6%, compared to the indicators of rats treated with tetrachloromethane induced hepatitis without treatment. There was also a decrease (p<0.001) in the level of total bilirubin by 33.9% and a decrease (p<0.001) in the levels of direct and indirect bilirubin by 10.6% and 65.1%, respectively, relative to the indicators of animals with experimental toxic hepatitis.

Against the background of the introduction of placenta cryoextract in experimental D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis, the level of reactants with thiobarbituric acid decreased (p<0.001) by 43.8%, the level of alanine aminotransferases decreased (p<0.001) by 2.4 times, and the level of aspartate aminotransferases decreased (p<0.001) by 45.3%. The level of total protein increased (p<0.01) by 17.4% and the level of total bilirubin decreased (p<0.001) by 53.5% relative to the indicators of untreated animals.

The use of CEP shows pronounced hepatoprotective activity against the background of paracetamol-induced hepatitis in rats. This was indicated by an increase (p<0.01) in the value of the antioxidant-prooxidant index by 2.3 times, a decrease (p<0.001) in the activity of alanine aminotransferases and aspartate aminotransferases by 44.0% and 29.6%, respectively, as well as a decrease (p<0.001) 0.001) of the level of direct bilirubin by 52.5% against the background of CEP administration relative to the parameters of rats without treatment.

Conclusions. The use of cryoextract of the placenta normalized metabolic processes in the liver and restored its functional state in models of tetrachloromethane, D-galactosamine and paracetamol lesions.